Multiple pile fabric



11, 1959 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,898,947

MULTIPLE PILE FABRIC Original Filed Aug. 25, 1955 a Shets-Sheet 1 30 flan/i Min E362 Aug. 11,1959 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,898,947

MULTIPLE PILE FABRIC Original Filed Aug. 23, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 mmy 30 774221 MMaEZZPZTfl 8 KO e391 Q2 ATTORNEYS Aug. 11, 1959 F. w. E. HOESELBARTH 2,898,947

MULTIPLE PILE FABRIC Original Filed Aug. 2:5, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet s flan/1' Mi: #02391522221/4.

tae atent 2,898,947 Patented Aug. 11, 1959 nice MULTIPLE PILE FABRIC Frank W. E. Hoeselbarth, Carlisle, Pa., assignor to C. H.

Masland & Sons, Carlisle, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Original application August 23, 1955, Serial No. 530,1(l5. Divided and this application August 13, 1956, Serial No. 603,769

1 Claim. (Cl. 139-403) A further purpose is to reduce the number of heddlesrequired for velvet and tapestry carpet weaving.

A further purpose is to manipulate one pile warp set and one binder warp set always by the same heddle, employing as many heddles as there are pile warp sets and binder warp sets.

A further purpose is to raise one pile warp set to the highposition and one binder warp set to a mid-high position by the same heddle, and simultaneously to lower another pile warp set or sets to a middle position by another heddle or heddles and lower another binder warp set or sets to a lower position by the same other heddle or heddles.

A further purpose is to weave with the stuifer warp set maintained invariably in the mid-position.

Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claim.

In the drawings, I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerous embodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the forms shown from the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactory operation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figures 1 and 2 are warpwiseconventional weave diagrams showing the two steps in weaving the two pile carpet as shown.

Figures 3, 4 and 5 are warpwise conventional weave diagrams showing the three steps in weaving the three pile carpet as shown.

In the drawings the eyes of the heddles are turned into the plane of the paper for ease in illustration.

Describing in illustration but not in limitation and referring to the drawings:

In normal practice in weaving velvet or tapestry carpets and similar pile fabrics, one heddle manipulates each set of pile warp ends, one heddle manipulates each set of binder warp ends and one heddle manipulates the set of stuifer warp ends. The heddles are raised to form an upper shed and a lower shed, a transverse wire is inserted by a wire motion into the upper shed and a shot of weft is inserted into the lower shed at one step. A subsequent step forms a lower shed and a weft is inserted in the lower shed. Weaving by this method is costly and time consuming.

I have discovered that the time required in weaving can be reduced to about half, and also the mechanism needed can be cut down. I propose to employ one heddle to manipulate one pile warp set and one binder warp set, and to use only as many heddles as there are pile warp sets. For each pile warp set I employ a binder warp set.

I also propose to insert one wire and two shots of weft in each step.

The stuffer warp set is preferably invariably positioned, so that it is not necessary to employ a stuffer' warp heddle, or, if the stuffer warp heddle is desired for guiding the ends, it is simply positioned rigidly in mid position.

Considering first the form of Figures 1 and 2, I there illustrate a pile warp set 20 manipulated by the upper eyes 21 of a heddle 22, a pile warp set 23 manipulated by the upper eyes 24 of a heddle 25, and as shown in Figures 3 to 5, but not in Figures 1 and 2, a pile warp set 26 manipulated by the upper eyes 27 of a heddle 28.

Each of the heddles has a lower set of eyes respectively 30 and 31 in Figures 1 and 2, and 30, 31 and 32 in Figures 3 to 5 and the lower eyes carry respective binder warp sets 33 and 34 in Figures 1 and 2, and 33, 34 and 35 in Figures 3 to 5.

The stuifer warp set 36 is preferably maintained invariably in mid-position, suitably stretching it through guiding eyes not shown behind the heddles. At the front the stufier warp is of course supported by the fell.

In the position of Figure 1, heddle 22 is raised, raising pile warp set 20 to the high position and raising binder warp set 33 to the mid-high position, forming an upper shed 37.

Heddle 25 is lowered, placing binder warp set 23 in the middle position, corresponding to the position of the stuifer warp set 36, and'forrning a middle shed 38. The same heddle 25 places the binder warp set 34 in the lower position, forming a lower shed 40.

With the sheds positioned as shown in Figure 1, a wire 41 is inserted in the upper shed, a shot of weft 42 from a suitable shuttle is inserted in the middle shed, to form the upper wefts 42 of the fabric; and a shot ofweft 43 is inserted in the lower'shed to form the lower wefts 43 ot the fabric.

The lay 44 beats up the wire and the wefts against the fell 45 as well known.

The wire 41 and any of the other wires referred to herein forma wire set operated by any suitable wire motion which may be a standard wire motion, and the wire 41 is a transverse pile wire which may be cutting, noncutting, wavy or serrated, flag, high, low, thick or thin, and it may be interposed in a wire set having a combination of cutting and non-cutting, high and low, straight and wavy or any other suitable combination of wires. Likewise the wefts 42 and 43 will suitably be inserted by shuttles in the middle and lower sheds operating in opposite directions on each step of the weave, but it will be evident that these wefts can be inserted by needles or any other weft insertion mechanism as desired.

The second step which completes the weave is a reversal of the step of Figure 1, heddle 25 being raised to bring pile warp set 23 into the high position, and binder warp set 34 into the mid-high position, while heddle 22 is lowered to bring pile warp set 20 into the middle position and binder warp set 33 into the lower position. Here again high, middle and low sheds are formed, a wire being inserted in the upper shed and wefts being inserted in the middle and lower sheds.

It will be evident that each of the heddles has its upper and lower eyes spaced by the distance between the top and thebottom of the upper shed and by the distance (which is the same) between the top and the bottom of the lower shed, so that shifting the heddles from their upper to their lower positions automatically establishes upper and lower sheds and a middle shed between them.

The finished fabric comprises alternate rows of pile projections 46 and 47 formed of the respective pile warp sets raised over successive wires, and each bound behind a single upper weft between the pile projections. The binder warp sets are woven over a single upper weft-and under a single lower weft and thenover a single upper weft.

The stuffer warp ends extend straight between the upper and lower wefts in prolongation of their position during weaving. It is accordingly possible to use extremely's'tiif stufier warp ends.

Figures 3 to 5 show a weave related to that of Figures land 2, but having certain distinctive characteristics, especially in respect to a superior bind of the pile projections bythe upper wefts and a strong construction of the back.

As shown in Figure 3, heddle 22 is raised, raising pile warp set'20 to the high position and binder warp set 33 to the mid-high position and forming an upper shed. Heddles 25 and 28 are lowered, placing pile warp set 23 in the middle position and by the same heddle 25 placing binder warp set 34 in the lower-position, and placing pile warp set 26 in the middle position and by the same heddle 28 placingbinder'warp set 35 in the lower position. A wire 41 is inserted in the upper shed, a weft 42 is inserted in the middle shed and a weft 43 is inserted in the lower shed. Th'e lay 44 then beats up the wefts and wire against the fell 45.

Figure 4 shows the next step which is merely a reversal of that of Figure 3. In' this case heddle 28 is in the upper position and heddles 22 and 25 are in the lower position. This brings pilewarp set 26 into the high position, binder warp set 35 into the mid-high position, pilewarp set 20 and pile warp set 23 into the middle-position and binder warp set 33 and binder warp set 34 into the lower position. Wire 41 is inserted in'the upper shed thus formed and weft 42 is inserted'in the middle shed and weft 43 is inserted in the lower shed. I

The third step shown in Figure 5, which completes the weave, is again merely a reversal. Heddle 25 is here raised and heddles 22 and 28 are lowered. This places pile warp set 23 in the high position and binder warp set 34 in the mid-high position, pile warp set 26 and pile warp set 20 in the middle position and binder warp sets 33 and 35 in the lower position. A wire 41 is inserted in the upper shed, a weft 42 is inserted in the middle shed and a weft 43 is inserted in the lower shed. The wire and the wefts are beaten up by the lay 44 against the fell 45.

The weave as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 illustrates some interesting features. The pile warp-ends rise in successive rows of pile projections 48, 50 and 51 and between each row in which a particular pile warp set rises 4 over a wire in the pile, the pile warp set is bound under two face wefts 42. This assures very good anchorage. The backing of the fabric involves an unusual feature also. Each binder warp set is woven over a single weft 42 and then woven under two lower wefts 43, after which it is again woven over a single upper weft. Thus the bind depends not merely on the interweaving of two binder warps, but instead is accomplished by three binder warps. Furthermore each pair of*1ower wefts is held by a single binder warp span over two lower wefts in one position. A short distance laterally of the fabric, an individual lower weft is bound by different binder warps, one of which bridges a pair of lower wefts comprising one of the first pair of lower wefts and an adjoining lower weft on the other side. A different pair is formed on the other side with the other lower weft of the first pair and another lower weft on the opposite side. Thus this combination of pairing of lower wefts first in one relation and then in another relation with each successive step of the Weave greatly strengthens the back and produces a novel and interesting appearance on the back of the fabric.

In view of my invention and disclosure, variations and modifications to meetindividual whim orparticular need will doubtless become evidentto-others skilled in the art, to obtain all orpart of the benefits of my'invention without copying the fabric shown,-and I, therefore, claim all such insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of my claim.

"Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

A two shot pile fabric,-having three pile warp sets, three 'binder warp sets, and upper and lower wefts interwoven together, each pile warp-set rising alternately in the pile and being bound below two upperweft shots betweenpositions at which it rises in the pile, each binder warp set being woven above oneupper weft shot then woven below two lower weft shots and then woven above another upper weft shot, at each upper weft shot at which a particular warp set is raised in the pile, a corresponding binder warp set being woven above an upper weft shot, and having a stuffer warp between the upper and lower weft shots.

References-Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 543,659 Skinner Iuly'30, 1895 812,596 Robertson Febjl3, 1906 923,682 Minifie June 1, 1909 934,552 Le'Doux Sept. 21, 1909 FOREIGN PATENTS 469,013 Great Britain July 14, 1937 

